Published: 30 June 2017

Electronic locomotive power supply device simulation and harmonic analysis

Kai Lu1
1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Manufacturing System and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Abstract

The DC600V electricity supply device plays an important role in locomotive. In this device, the main circuit is one kind of single-phase full-bridge half-controlled rectifier circuit. In this paper, first of all, we analyze the theory of main circuit. Secondly, accurate model is built through MATLAB/Simulink. We obtain the waveform of key parameters and harmonic analysis. The results of simulation waveforms show that the model is correct. It is proved that the built model flexible, convenient and intuitive. Meanwhile, it can be used for further fault detection and analysis.

1. Introduction

The DC600V electricity supply device, which provides various electrical devices on passenger train with electric energy, plays an important role in HXD locomotive. Thus, the working condition of electricity supply device has direct influence on electricity consumption of passenger train and the reliability of device is of great importance. Such power electric device, which works under condition of high-power and heavy load, suffer from structure faults or parameter faults frequently. In addition, the poor working condition in locomotive with continuous vibration and high temperature intensify damage to the device. In fact, the main circuit of the device is a kind of single-phase full-bridge half-controlled rectifier circuits. In the past decades, some researchers have given more theoretical research and developed varieties of techniques on analog circuit analysis and fault diagnosis [1-4]. However, lots of theoretical researches have significant differences with actual engineering applications. Some simulation models do not fully reflect the real situation [5, 6]. Only the model is established accurately, simulation results can be obtained more realistic. One of the characteristic of the circuit is that, it consists of load of resistance and inductance, rather than load of resistance. Output voltage contains large pulsation is the defect of resistive load. Inductance can control the amplitude of the voltage waveform [7].

In this paper, we have analyzed the key components of the device and simulated main circuit with accurate parameters, which consists of load of resistance and inductance. Firstly, we analyze the property of key components and parameters, such as output voltage and harmonic analysis. Secondly, we contribute the model of main circuit and then simulate kinds of condition of circuit with MATLAB. The work can provide useful information for the further study on device fault diagnosis, prognostics and health management (PHM) [8, 9].

The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 briefly reviews the basic theory of the circuit and harmonic analysis. In Section 3, main circuit of device is simulated by MATLAB. The simulation results are drawn also in this section. Finally, this paper is summed up in a conclusion in Section 4.

2. Circuit theoretical analysis

2.1. Main circuit of the device

The main circuit of electricity supply device can be simplified as Fig. 1. VT1 and VT4 constitute a pair of bridge arm, and VT2 and VT3 constitute the other pair of bridge arm.13L is inductance, while 19C is the circuit capacitance.

The average value of the output DC voltage is [10]:

1
Ud=1παπ2U2sinωtdwt=2πU21+cosα=0.9U21+cosα2.

Effective value of output voltage is:

2
U=1παπ(2U2sinωt)2d(ωt)=U2sin2α2π+π-απ.

Fig. 1The main circuit of the device

The main circuit of the device

2.2. Harmonic analysis in the circuit

Single-phase bridge rectifier circuit average output voltage and harmonic voltage are [11]:

3
ud=22πU2cosα,
4
an=22U2πcosKπcos(2K+1)α2K+1-cos(2K-1)α2K-1,
5
bn=22U2πcosKπsin(2K+1)α2K+1-sin(2K-1)α2K-1.

The ratio of the amplitude of the nth harmonic voltage to the AC voltage amplitude of the single-phase bridge circuit is:

6
U2n2U2=an2+bn22U2.

The phase angle of the nth harmonic is:

7
θn=arctanbnan.

Effective value of the harmonic voltage is:

8
UH=U2-Ud2=U21-8cos2απ2.

The ripple coefficient of the voltage is:

9
γu=UHUd=π22cosα2-1.

Voltage total harmonic distortion rate is:

10
THD=UHU×100 %.

3. Simulation and results

The simulation model of single-phase full-bridge half-controlled rectifier circuit based on MATLAB 9.1.0 is shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2Simulation model of the rectifier circuit

Simulation model of the rectifier circuit

Table 1Key parameter of circuit

Component
Parameters
AC 860 V
Peak amplitude 860*sqrt (2) V; Frequency 50 Hz
13L
Inductance 9.8e-3H
Load R
R= 1 Ohms
VD1, VD2
Forward voltage Vf 0.8 V; Resistance Ron 0.001 hms
VT3, VT4
Forward voltage Vf 0.8 V; Resistance Ron 0.001 hms
Generator
Pulse width 0.25 %, period 0.02; phase delay 55°

The key parameters of components in simulation are shown in Table 1.

Parameters of the model have been set, and the algorithm Ode23tb has been selected. Simulation time continues 0.5 s. The waveform of AC link, output voltage, pulse waveform, VD1, VT4, VD 2and VT3 have been shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 9, respectively. Fig. 10 shows the results of harmonic analysis.

In Fig. 3, we can see that, the waveform of voltage in AC link is sinusoidal wave, while current waveform is saltatorial, because of thyristors’ break-over and cut-off in a period. Fig. 4 is normal output voltage waveform in DC link. According to the requirement, voltage fluctuates between 570 V and 630 V. In Fig. 5, the first pulse of VT4 triggers at 0.003 s, and then VT4 conducts. After 0.01 s, generator of VT3 acts. Owing to these thyristors work with interval,

Fig. 3AC link current and voltage

AC link current and voltage

Fig. 4Normal waveform of output voltage

Normal waveform of output voltage

Fig. 5Pulse generator

Pulse generator

Fig. 6Current and voltage waveform of VD1

Current and voltage waveform of VD1

Fig. 7Current and voltage waveform of VT4

Current and voltage waveform of VT4

Fig. 8Current and voltage waveform of VD2

Current and voltage waveform of VD2

Fig. 9Current and voltage waveform of VT3

Current and voltage waveform of VT3

In Fig. 6-Fig. 9, waveform of VD1and VD2, VT3 and VT4 are similar with each other respectively, except phase difference. Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 shows that, diode can sustain negative voltage while current is 0, but when the voltage is 0, the current is positive. Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 shows that, voltage in thyristor likes the sin wave but is cut off when this element conducts, at this period the current is significant nonzero values. As shown in the Fig. 10, harmonic analysis with MATLAB, the THD is 66.97 %.

Fig. 10Harmonic analysis

Harmonic analysis

4. Conclusions

In this paper, first, we analyze the theory of single-phase full-bridge half-controlled rectifier circuits, involving output voltage value and harmonic analysis. And then, we simplify the main circuit of device and build the accurate Simulink model with MATLAB/Simulink environment. Each parameter has been validated to ensure the accuracy of the model. After model establishment, using the MATLAB/Simulink tool simulate and obtain the results, which have been consistent with the theoretical analysis. Using this model, parameters of the circuit can be changed flexibly, which can be used to analyze fault condition and prognostic of main circuit.

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About this article

Received
19 June 2017
Accepted
22 June 2017
Published
30 June 2017
Keywords
HXD locomotive
single-phase full-bridge half-controlled rectifier circuit
harmonic analysis